Improvement in fire-arms



LEONARD.

iff@ @w 2 Sheets- Sheet 1.

Patented Aug. 9*, 1853.

In v'entoi.

NA PETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D C.

G. LEONARD.

Revolver. No. 9,922. Patented Aug. .9, 1853 Figli. H517 n" EFG EL, -Z t u MJT E Fijgla.

RLS

Wlnfe-SSG'S.-l Inventor.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

UNITED; STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE LEONARD, OF SHREWSBURY, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN FIRE-ARMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 9,9;22, dated August El, 1853.

To all whom it mayponceru:

LEONARD, ot Shrewsbury, in the county-ot` Vorcester and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a new andusefnl Improve-- by three screws, s s s, Fig. 2, and are kept in a true position by two guides, G G, on the stock, Figs. 1 and 4, which enter the guideholes G H and G HF.ig. 3. In the center of'. the posterior part of the ,barrels acm-ity, u b .c d cfg hij, Fig. 1, and Va b, Fig. 3, is perforated. l Around the center of the beveling part of this cavity c d and g h, Fig. 1, and c d, Fig. 3, tive small holes, o o o o o, Fig. 3, for communicating tire are drilled into the backof each barrel. Within said cavity turns a piece 'called a revolving cone in my caveat, the ref ceipt of which was acknowledged April 8, 1850. This piece I now'call a revolving tire-guidea name whichA I regard -as more general and descriptive. vA side view of the. revolving fireguide R F G, Fig.' 1, is delineated within the above-named cavity by t-lieheavilywlotted lines ending kat k'l. A back 'iei niisl Shown in Fig. 6 and a front-view in Fig. 7.",JA ratchetis cut on the back i'aeewith tive ilo, ches, n( n', Fig. 1, and-n' 'n' n wn', Fig'."6,"iwliieh the ratchet-lever It L, Figs. 1 aiidlp, operates.' VAcireular, hole, p p p 1), Figil, and p, Fig. S6, is d rilled into the center ot' the back' projection,

invhich thef-front'vand smallest part of the.

cylindrical hammer H, Fig. 1, plays. At the bottom ot'this hole a small hole for communicating fire is drilled outto 0,-Figsyl, 6, and 7, at the middle of the bevelingportion c l and g h, Figs. 1 and 7. This small hole o exactly oorrespondslto the small holes o o o o o, Fig. 3, when brought into proper position by the ratchet-lever in operating the pistol. The cylindrical back projection, L l y z, Fig. 1, of the revolving tire-guide, a hack view of which is shown by k I, Fig. 6, is confined and revolves in a circular perforation in the stock L lm n,

Fig. 1, and k orig-4. The cylindrical front Beit known thatl, the undersigned, GEORGE.

projection, d e f g, Fig. 1, and l g, Fig. 7, is

,contined and revolved in a circular perforation,

d ej'g, Fig. 1, andf'g, Fig. 3, in the center of the barrels.

The hammer-guide, a side view of which is shown by H G, Fig. 1, a frontfview byfo, Fig'. 8, a back -view b'y be, Fig. 8,' and vau oblique birds-eye view by H G, Fig.: 8, exactly tits the back projection of the revolving tire-guide, and is held against it with force suiicient to keep itin place by the frction-sprng F S, Figs. 1 and 5, except when it is forced-around by the ratchet-lever. "It has a longitndinah perforatiomp pp, Fig. 8, of a size to receive and guide4 the-hammer. The friction-spring is held-t0 the stock by the screw s, Figs. 1 and 5. It has two projections,p p, Fig. 5, which fail into the notch es n n, Figs. 5 and 8, and hinder the hammer-'guide from turning, so that the priminghole P H, Fig. 8, for admitting the primingpills is always held so as to'exactly correspond to the lower end of the'priming-magazine P M, Fig. 1.

yThe priming-magazine P `1:1, Fig. 1,. is drilled o ut through the solid part ot' the stock downward, so as to correspond to the priming-hole.

The trigger, a side view of which is exhibited by T, Fig. 1, anda hack view by Fig. 14, turns on a pin, P, Fig. 1, fastened Vin the top of the stock. It has apin, P', Figs. 1 and 14, beneath its i'ront part, which ts intoa. slot, s I, Figs.1 and 15, in the ratchet-lever to operate it. The trigger hasn slot, s l, Fig. 14, in -whieh the lever'L, Figs.,1 andi), is confined by the pin 1", Fig: 1. The b'ack of 'the lever passes through a slo t ,'s l, in the mainspring, Figs. 1 and 11, and has a notch', 'u o, Fig. 1, which catches onto the bottoin'ot' the slot iu the nrainspring, and by which the mainspring is forced back. At the posterior extremity ofy the lever is atenon,1I e, Figs. 1 and 9,`against the shoulders of which the sides ofthe slot o r notch 'um' in the trigger-spring, Figs. 1 and 12. hear.

The hammer H, Figs. Land 10, is a cylinder of unequal diameter. The smaller part plays through the hammer-guide into the revolving' tire-guide. The larger part slides through a socken-s o, Fig. 1, drilled through a projection from the stock P R, Fig. 1. A gutter, g u,

' bears against the buck end of the ratchet-lever vbarrels with which it is in coincidence, and

Figs. l and 10, is turned around the posterior portion, so as to be received into a. notch or slot, n", in the mainspring,wherebyit is drawn 'back and forced forward. I

The ratchet-lever It L, Figs. 1 and 15, has two slots, s l and s l. The slo`tl s Z fits onto a pin, P", Fig. 1, in the stock. -The slots l receives the pin ll in the trigger, by which the anterior end ismoved by drawing back the trigger, so as to turn the` revolving tire-guide one-titth of a circumference. The anterior end is kept in place by its passing through a slot, S L, Figs. 4 and 5, in the stock.

The mainspring M S, Figs. 1 and ll, triggerspring T S, Figs. .1 and 12, and ratchet-lever spring R L S, Figs. 1 and 13, are. all fastened tothe back ofthe stock by the screw S, Fig. 1. The mainspring tits the hammer and lever, 'as before described. It has a lipfmarked lip, Figs. l and 11. This lip, when the mainspriug is drawn hack, partially revolves, so that the front edge of the lip rises and lifts the lever, when the notch 'n o, Fig. 1, slipsi'rom the mainspring, which then drives the hammer` forward. The ltrigger-spring has a' slot. or notch, w", Figs. 1 and 12, which itsonto thc tenon ofthe lever t e, Figs. 1 and 9, and bears against the shoulders of the tenon on each side. The ratchet-lever spring 'It L S, Figs. 1 and 13,

and keeps it forward, but yields enough i'or the ratchet-lever to rise. over the inclined plane of a notch in the ratchet.

yThe pistol is operated as follows: The trigger is drawn back bythe finger. The notch inthe lever drives back the mainspring,\vhich carries buck the hammer. At the saine time the piu l)l carries down the point of the ratchet-lever and turns the revolving tire-guide. When the hammer is nearly bai-l; one ot' the percussioxrpills in the priming-magazine drops into the hole in the hammer-guide. The inoton of the trigger being continued. the lip ol' the mainspring lifts off the notch ofthe lever, when the mainspring drives forward the hainmer, and the pill is exploded in the bottom of the holepppp, Fig. 1, in the revolving fireguide. The tire is guided through the small hole o, Figs. 1, 6, and 7, in the revolving tireguide into one of the tive small holes into the the barrel is discharged. The 'finger being now released, the trigger-spring drives back the lever, trigger, and ratchet-lever into-their first posit-ion.

The revolving re guide is the part I wish to patent, and for which I. shall shortly make l a specific claim; but as a great variety of these can easily beconstrueted varying in shape, proportion, and number of parts and adjuncts, I am desirous of describing one variation which I have made, at trst sight ditferent, but identical in principle. It consists of a cone or port, P, Fig. 1S, aside view being here represented bythe heavylines. A front viewis represented by the heavy circular line k I, Fig. 17, andal back View by the heavy circular line k I., Fig. 16. A circular hole, p 11 p p, Fig. 1S, andp, Figs. 16 and 1.7, is drilled in'to the center as far as the similar hole is in the tiret-described revolving tire-guide. At the bottom of the hole five small holes, a a. a a a, Fig. 16, are drilled through to the outside, one-lifth of the 4circumference of the port from each other, for the purposeot' communicating tire successively tothe several barrels. This port has a. tenon, t, Figs. 17 and 1S, at the bottom, which fits into a mortisc, -m o, Fig. 3, in the bottom of the cavity, drilled for the reception of the front projection ofthe before-deseribei revolving tireguide. This tenen keeps the port in such a position that each of the ive small holes is just opposite the tive small holes in the back of the barrels for communicating' tire to the charges. Around this port revolves a piece or revolving tire-guide, 1t F G, Figs. 16, 17, and 1S, which is the exact complement necessary to complete a revolving fire-guide ot' just the samesize and form as the one first described, except that this piece has a friction-spring, F S, Fig. 16, to hinder thel piece from slipping when the ratchet-lever is carried back. At each time this pieceis carried round by the ratchet-lever one-iii'th of a circumference the small hole o, Fig. 17, drilled through the center ofthe beveling-portion, is brought into exact coincidencewith one of the live small holes in the port, and oneof the small holes communicating with a. barrel, so that the tire carried as before. This port and revolving reguide was called a single cone with an intermediate revolving piece in my caveat, the receipt of which was acknowledged AprilS, 1850.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

A revolving tire-guide which by the continued operation ofthe fire-arm' shall successively communicate fire to the diiterent charges of several barrels.r

GEORG E .LEONA RD.

\ 1n presence of-' ELIZABETH Davis, J on E. STONE. 

